Convergent validity of the multidimensional falls efficacy scale, activities-specific balance confidence, balance recovery confidence scale and the falls efficacy scale - international

Falls efficacy is a critical psychological construct in falls prevention and management. Various measurement instruments designed to measure falls efficacy, balance confidence, and fear of falling have often been used interchangeably. This study evaluates the convergent validity of the newly developed Multidimensional Falls Efficacy Scale (MDFES) in Singapore community-dwelling older adults against other falls efficacy-related patientreported outcome measures (PROMs).